Current File : /home/rs/mysql/default/man/man1/mysql_upgrade.1
'\" t
.\" Title: \fBmysql_upgrade\fR
.\" Author: [FIXME: author] [see http://docbook.sf.net/el/author]
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.79.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
.\" Date: 08/28/2018
.\" Manual: MySQL Database System
.\" Source: MySQL 5.5
.\" Language: English
.\"
.TH "\FBMYSQL_UPGRADE\FR" "1" "08/28/2018" "MySQL 5\&.5" "MySQL Database System"
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.\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
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.SH "NAME"
mysql_upgrade \- check and upgrade MySQL tables
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.HP \w'\fBmysql_upgrade\ [\fR\fB\fIoptions\fR\fR\fB]\fR\ 'u
\fBmysql_upgrade [\fR\fB\fIoptions\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.PP
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
examines all tables in all databases for incompatibilities with the current version of MySQL Server\&.
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
also upgrades the system tables so that you can take advantage of new privileges or capabilities that might have been added\&.
.PP
If
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
finds that a table has a possible incompatibility, it performs a table check and, if problems are found, attempts a table repair\&. If the table cannot be repaired, see
Section\ \&2.11.3, \(lqRebuilding or Repairing Tables or Indexes\(rq
for manual table repair strategies\&.
.PP
You should execute
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
each time you upgrade MySQL\&.
.PP
If you install MySQL from RPM packages on Linux, you must install the server and client RPMs\&.
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
is included in the server RPM but requires the client RPM because the latter includes
\fBmysqlcheck\fR\&. (See
Section\ \&2.5.1, \(lqInstalling MySQL on Linux Using RPM Packages\(rq\&.)
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBNote\fR
.ps -1
.br
.PP
On Windows, you must run
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
with administrator privileges\&. You can do this by running a Command Prompt as Administrator and running the command\&. Failure to do so may result in the upgrade failing to execute correctly\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
.if n \{\
.sp
.\}
.RS 4
.it 1 an-trap
.nr an-no-space-flag 1
.nr an-break-flag 1
.br
.ps +1
\fBCaution\fR
.ps -1
.br
.PP
You should always back up your current MySQL installation
\fIbefore\fR
performing an upgrade\&. See
Section\ \&7.2, \(lqDatabase Backup Methods\(rq\&.
.PP
Some upgrade incompatibilities may require special handling before you upgrade your MySQL installation and run
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR\&. See
Section\ \&2.11.1, \(lqUpgrading MySQL\(rq, for instructions on determining whether any such incompatibilities apply to your installation and how to handle them\&.
.sp .5v
.RE
.PP
To use
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR, make sure that the server is running\&. Then invoke it like this:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
shell> \fBmysql_upgrade [\fR\fB\fIoptions\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
After running
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR, stop the server and restart it so that any changes made to the system tables take effect\&.
.PP
If you have multiple MySQL server instances running, invoke
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
with connection parameters appropriate for connecting to the desired server\&. For example, with servers running on the local host on parts 3306 through 3308, upgrade each of them by connecting to the appropriate port:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
shell> \fBmysql_upgrade \-\-protocol=tcp \-P 3306 [\fR\fB\fIother_options\fR\fR\fB]\fR
shell> \fBmysql_upgrade \-\-protocol=tcp \-P 3307 [\fR\fB\fIother_options\fR\fR\fB]\fR
shell> \fBmysql_upgrade \-\-protocol=tcp \-P 3308 [\fR\fB\fIother_options\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
For local host connections on Unix, the
\fB\-\-protocol=tcp\fR
option forces a connection using TCP/IP rather than the Unix socket file\&.
.PP
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
executes the following commands to check and repair tables and to upgrade the system tables:
.sp
.if n \{\
.RS 4
.\}
.nf
mysqlcheck \-\-no\-defaults \-\-all\-databases
\-\-fix\-db\-names \-\-fix\-table\-names
mysqlcheck \-\-no\-defaults \-\-check\-upgrade \-\-all\-databases
\-\-auto\-repair
mysql < fix_priv_tables
.fi
.if n \{\
.RE
.\}
.PP
Notes about the preceding commands:
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
also adds
\fB\-\-write\-binlog\fR
or
\fB\-\-skip\-write\-binlog\fR
to the
\fBmysqlcheck\fR
commands, depending on whether the
\fB\-\-write\-binlog\fR
option was specified on the
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
command\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
Because
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
invokes
\fBmysqlcheck\fR
with the
\fB\-\-all\-databases\fR
option, it processes all tables in all databases, which might take a long time to complete\&. Each table is locked and therefore unavailable to other sessions while it is being processed\&. Check and repair operations can be time\-consuming, particularly for large tables\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
For details about what checks the
\fB\-\-check\-upgrade\fR
option entails, see the description of the
FOR UPGRADE
option of the
CHECK TABLE
statement (see
Section\ \&13.7.2.2, \(lqCHECK TABLE Syntax\(rq)\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fIfix_priv_tables\fR
represents a script generated internally by
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
that contains SQL statements to upgrade the tables in the
mysql
database\&.
.RE
.PP
All checked and repaired tables are marked with the current MySQL version number\&. This ensures that next time you run
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
with the same version of the server, it can tell whether there is any need to check or repair the table again\&.
.PP
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
also saves the MySQL version number in a file named
mysql_upgrade_info
in the data directory\&. This is used to quickly check whether all tables have been checked for this release so that table\-checking can be skipped\&. To ignore this file and perform the check regardless, use the
\fB\-\-force\fR
option\&.
.PP
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
does not upgrade the contents of the help tables\&. For upgrade instructions, see
Section\ \&5.1.13, \(lqServer-Side Help\(rq\&.
.PP
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
supports the following options, which can be specified on the command line or in the
[mysql_upgrade]
and
[client]
groups of an option file\&. Unrecognized options are passed to
\fBmysqlcheck\fR\&. For information about option files, see
Section\ \&4.2.6, \(lqUsing Option Files\(rq\&.
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-help\fR
.sp
Display a short help message and exit\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-basedir=\fR\fB\fIdir_name\fR\fR
.sp
The path to the MySQL installation directory\&. This option is accepted for backward compatibility but ignored\&. It is removed in MySQL 5\&.7\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-character\-sets\-dir=\fR\fB\fIdir_name\fR\fR
.sp
The directory where character sets are installed\&. See
Section\ \&10.14, \(lqCharacter Set Configuration\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-compress\fR
.sp
Compress all information sent between the client and the server if both support compression\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-datadir=\fR\fB\fIdir_name\fR\fR
.sp
The path to the data directory\&. This option is accepted for backward compatibility but ignored\&. It is removed in MySQL 5\&.7\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-debug[=\fR\fB\fIdebug_options\fR\fR\fB]\fR,
\fB\-# [\fR\fB\fIdebug_options\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.sp
Write a debugging log\&. A typical
\fIdebug_options\fR
string is
d:t:o,\fIfile_name\fR\&. The default is
d:t:O,/tmp/mysql_upgrade\&.trace\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-debug\-check\fR
.sp
Print some debugging information when the program exits\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-debug\-info\fR,
\fB\-T\fR
.sp
Print debugging information and memory and CPU usage statistics when the program exits\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-default\-auth=\fR\fB\fIplugin\fR\fR
.sp
A hint about the client\-side authentication plugin to use\&. See
Section\ \&6.3.6, \(lqPluggable Authentication\(rq\&.
.sp
This option was added in MySQL 5\&.5\&.10\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-default\-character\-set=\fR\fB\fIcharset_name\fR\fR
.sp
Use
\fIcharset_name\fR
as the default character set\&. See
Section\ \&10.14, \(lqCharacter Set Configuration\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-defaults\-extra\-file=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
.sp
Read this option file after the global option file but (on Unix) before the user option file\&. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs\&. Before MySQL 5\&.5\&.8,
\fIfile_name\fR
must be the full path name to the file\&. As of MySQL 5\&.5\&.8, the name is interpreted relative to the current directory if given as a relative path name\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-defaults\-file=\fR\fB\fIfile_name\fR\fR
.sp
Use only the given option file\&. If the file does not exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs\&. Before MySQL 5\&.5\&.8,
\fIfile_name\fR
must be the full path name to the file\&. As of MySQL 5\&.5\&.8, the name is interpreted relative to the current directory if given as a relative path name\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-defaults\-group\-suffix=\fR\fB\fIstr\fR\fR
.sp
Read not only the usual option groups, but also groups with the usual names and a suffix of
\fIstr\fR\&. For example,
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
normally reads the
[client]
and
[mysql_upgrade]
groups\&. If the
\fB\-\-defaults\-group\-suffix=_other\fR
option is given,
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
also reads the
[client_other]
and
[mysql_upgrade_other]
groups\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-force\fR
.sp
Ignore the
mysql_upgrade_info
file and force execution even if
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
has already been executed for the current version of MySQL\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-host=\fR\fB\fIhost_name\fR\fR,
\fB\-h \fR\fB\fIhost_name\fR\fR
.sp
Connect to the MySQL server on the given host\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-no\-defaults\fR
.sp
Do not read any option files\&. If program startup fails due to reading unknown options from an option file,
\fB\-\-no\-defaults\fR
can be used to prevent them from being read\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-password[=\fR\fB\fIpassword\fR\fR\fB]\fR,
\fB\-p[\fR\fB\fIpassword\fR\fR\fB]\fR
.sp
The password to use when connecting to the server\&. If you use the short option form (\fB\-p\fR), you
\fIcannot\fR
have a space between the option and the password\&. If you omit the
\fIpassword\fR
value following the
\fB\-\-password\fR
or
\fB\-p\fR
option on the command line,
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
prompts for one\&.
.sp
Specifying a password on the command line should be considered insecure\&. See
Section\ \&6.1.2.1, \(lqEnd-User Guidelines for Password Security\(rq\&. You can use an option file to avoid giving the password on the command line\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-pipe\fR,
\fB\-W\fR
.sp
On Windows, connect to the server using a named pipe\&. This option applies only if the server supports named\-pipe connections\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-plugin\-dir=\fR\fB\fIdir_name\fR\fR
.sp
The directory in which to look for plugins\&. Specify this option if the
\fB\-\-default\-auth\fR
option is used to specify an authentication plugin but
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
does not find it\&. See
Section\ \&6.3.6, \(lqPluggable Authentication\(rq\&.
.sp
This option was added in MySQL 5\&.5\&.10\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-port=\fR\fB\fIport_num\fR\fR,
\fB\-P \fR\fB\fIport_num\fR\fR
.sp
The TCP/IP port number to use for the connection\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-print\-defaults\fR
.sp
Print the program name and all options that it gets from option files\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}\fR
.sp
The connection protocol to use for connecting to the server\&. It is useful when the other connection parameters normally would cause a protocol to be used other than the one you want\&. For details on the permissible values, see
Section\ \&4.2.2, \(lqConnecting to the MySQL Server\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-shared\-memory\-base\-name=\fR\fB\fIname\fR\fR
.sp
On Windows, the shared\-memory name to use, for connections made using shared memory to a local server\&. The default value is
MYSQL\&. The shared\-memory name is case\-sensitive\&.
.sp
The server must be started with the
\fB\-\-shared\-memory\fR
option to enable shared\-memory connections\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-socket=\fR\fB\fIpath\fR\fR,
\fB\-S \fR\fB\fIpath\fR\fR
.sp
For connections to
localhost, the Unix socket file to use, or, on Windows, the name of the named pipe to use\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-ssl*\fR
.sp
Options that begin with
\fB\-\-ssl\fR
specify whether to connect to the server using SSL and indicate where to find SSL keys and certificates\&. See
Section\ \&6.4.2, \(lqCommand Options for Encrypted Connections\(rq\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-tmpdir=\fR\fB\fIdir_name\fR\fR,
\fB\-t \fR\fB\fIdir_name\fR\fR
.sp
The path name of the directory to use for creating temporary files\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-upgrade\-system\-tables\fR,
\fB\-s\fR
.sp
Upgrade only the system tables, do not upgrade data\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-user=\fR\fB\fIuser_name\fR\fR,
\fB\-u \fR\fB\fIuser_name\fR\fR
.sp
The MySQL user name to use when connecting to the server\&. The default user name is
root\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-verbose\fR
.sp
Verbose mode\&. Print more information about what the program does\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-version\-check\fR,
\fB\-k\fR
.sp
Check the version of the server to which
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
is connecting to verify that it is the same as the version for which
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
was built\&. If not,
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
exits\&. This option is enabled by default; to disable the check, use
\fB\-\-skip\-version\-check\fR\&. This option was added in MySQL 5\&.5\&.32\&.
.RE
.sp
.RS 4
.ie n \{\
\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
.\}
.el \{\
.sp -1
.IP \(bu 2.3
.\}
\fB\-\-write\-binlog\fR
.sp
Cause binary logging to be enabled while
\fBmysql_upgrade\fR
runs\&. This is the default behavior; to disable binary logging during the upgrade, use the inverse of this option (that is, start the program with
\fB\-\-skip\-write\-binlog\fR)\&.
.RE
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
.br
.PP
Copyright \(co 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
.PP
This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it only under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
.PP
This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
.PP
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with the program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA or see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
.sp
.SH "SEE ALSO"
For more information, please refer to the MySQL Reference Manual,
which may already be installed locally and which is also available
online at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.
.SH AUTHOR
Oracle Corporation (http://dev.mysql.com/).
Mini Shell